On the other hand, Western Europeans are also diverse (compare Portugal with Norway), yet that doesnt stop us from seeing their common traits. How East-West Dynamics Define Europe. Lithuania (33% flat tax) and Latvia (25%) followed. Eastern Europeans excel at having a simplified tax policy. Western Europe consists of 9 countries, and has a total population of about 196 million. Night skies are getting 9.6% brighter every year, How skills-based training can build the workforce of the future, Parents, boys also have body image issues thanks to social media, How jelly-like bodies help sea creatures survive extreme conditions. Nearly six-in-ten in the U.S. (58%) believe allowing everyone to pursue their lifes goals without interference from the state is more important. The GDP of Romania in year 2017 is $467 billion and PPP is approximately $25000. Today, it is home to 15 countries. Some of the countries that fall under this category are United Kingdom, Norway, Portugal, Spain, France, Switzerland, Vatican City, Netherlands, Sweden, Malta, Italy, Iceland, Germany, Greece, Finland, etc. But today, for most people living in the former Eastern bloc, being Christian (whether Catholic or Orthodox) is an important component of their national identity. Public sentiment is very different in Central and Eastern Europe, where majorities in nearly all countries surveyed oppose allowing gays and lesbians to marry legally. But historical schisms underlie this common religious identity: Each of the three major Christian traditions Catholicism, Protestantism and Orthodoxy predominates in a certain part of the continent. This may reflect the fact that multiple languages are spoken in these countries, including large numbers of Russian speakers in Moldova, Ukraine and Belarus. Businesses tend to close for anything from an hour to four or five hours, and reopen in the evening. They endured fascism, communism, corruption, economic chaos, invasion, occupation, famine, war, and genocide. For statistical purposes, the United Nations Geoscheme divides the continent into four different subregions: Eastern Europe, Western Europe, Southern Europe, and Northern Europe. All maps, graphics, flags, photos and original descriptions 2023 worldatlas.com. (+1) 202-857-8562 | Fax Yet, at the same time, only about six-in-ten Hungarians believe in God, reflecting Western European levels of belief. Governments also tend to take a much heavier hand in their economies to this day, and will work hard to actively provide jobs for their people. About Pew Research Center Pew Research Center is a nonpartisan fact tank that informs the public about the issues, attitudes and trends shaping the world. 1973. In Spain, for example, only about half of adults under 35 (47%) say having Spanish ancestry is important to being Spanish, compared with 64% of older Spaniards. Western Europe is the part of Europe that generally includes the UK, France, Spain, Germany, Belgium, the Netherlands, Switzerland, and Luxembourg. Another important reason is a connection with their national heritage. The U.N. Geoscheme does not necessarily reflect the former or current geopolitical divisions of Europe. The region of Eastern Europe consists of people belonging to dozens of ethnic groups, including Poles, Slovaks, European Jewish, Bosniaks, Romani, Croats, Serbs, among many others.Mar 23, 2021 Advertisement What is a European face? In a separate question, Western Europeans also are much more likely than their Central and Eastern European counterparts to say they would accept Muslims in their neighborhoods.1 For example, 83% of Finns say they would be willing to accept Muslims as neighbors, compared with 55% of Ukrainians. The eight countries where this attitude is most prevalent are all geographically in the East: Greece, Georgia, Armenia, Bulgaria, Russia, Bosnia, Romania and Serbia. Since that year, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Romania, Slovakia and Slovenia have joined the EU. The Cold War ended about 30 years ago but many of the differences between eastern and western Europe remain. But in most other countries surveyed, Muslims and Jews make up relatively small shares of the population, and surveys often are not able to reliably measure their precise size. In addition to the 24 EU countries surveyed, two additional ones in the survey Serbia and Bosnia are in various stages of accession, the yearslong process of joining the EU. Thus, to claim that Eastern Europe is an antiquated or meaningless term because Eastern European nations have no longer anything in common is wrong. These rights and principles are part of the EUs legal system and have been affirmed in decisions of the European Court of Justice going back decades.4 But the membership of the EU has changed in recent years, beginning in 2004 to spread significantly from its historic western base into Central and Eastern Europe. Terms of Use and Privacy Policy: Legal. Eastern Europeans typically have deep-set eyes, rounder faces, shorter noses, and very high cheekbones. They also have a small smile that tends to be more angled than Asians. These are among the findings of Pew Research Center surveys conducted across Central and Eastern Europe in 2015 and 2016 and Western Europe in 2017.7. For example, they maintain their traditions, focus on their families, are well-connected to their history, and are hospitable. For the European Union, whose members include 24 of the 34 countries surveyed in this report, the term European values tends to signify what Americans might consider liberal ideals.2 The Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union includes respect for cultural and religious diversity; prohibitions against discrimination based on religion and sexual orientation; the right to asylum for refugees; and guarantees of freedom of movement within the EU.3. Its like a teacher waved a magic wand and did the work for me. What are the reasons for these opposing patterns on different sides of the continent? Eastern Europe: People speak languages with Slavic roots. Among the Central and Eastern European countries surveyed, there are only three exceptions where fewer than two-thirds of adults say they believe in God: Hungary (59%), Estonia (44%) and the Czech Republic (29%). Relatively large amounts of time are spent with family, and mealtimes are extremely important to many cultures in this area, especially French, Italian, and Greek cultures. 5Americans and Europeans dont always agree on questions about morality, especially on issues related to sexuality. Siestas are increasingly common as you go south. Next came Ukraine (15%), Slovakia (19%), Romania (16%), Serbia (14%), Czechia (12.5%), Macedonia (10%), Albania (10%), Montenegro (9%), Bosnia (10%), and Bulgaria (10%). In Western Europe, there are a variety of reasons why many adults who were raised Christian have become unaffiliated. For example, most Greeks say they are not willing to accept Muslims in their families; three-quarters consider being Orthodox Christian important to being truly Greek; and nearly nine-in-ten say Greek culture is superior to others. Fundamental Rights in the European Union: The role of the Charter after the Lisbon Treaty. European Parliamentary Research Service. Europe has a population for more than 747 million people. Our findings conclude that European colonization can very well be attributed to the beauty standards across Asia; for much of these regions, the ideal standard of beauty is heavily influenced by the ideal European figure, such as their light skin and light colored eyes. During the cold war period, this region was referred to as the Eastern bloc or else the Soviet bloc. A solid majority (77%) of Americans believe citizens should be allowed to make statements that are offensive to peoples religious beliefs, a significantly higher share of the public than in any of the European Union nations included in our 2015 survey. Sweden is very famous for its many lakes, and Norway for its many fjords. At one time, people used to say that the sun never sets on the British Empire, because the British had possessions in every corner of the world. 1 (3 views). It also has the subregions largest economy, which is also the fifth largest in the world. The UK is the mother country of the once mighty British Empire, one of the most powerful empires in human history. It is also Europes least populous country. Its a pity we dont copy Eastern Europe and seal off vast areas in our city center for walkers. I do appreciate the liberalization in the western world during the past 40 years. For example, fully half or more of adults in Greece, Bosnia, Armenia, Georgia and Romania say religion is very important in their lives, compared with about one-in-ten in France, Germany, the United Kingdom and several other Western European countries. 3. Similarly, roughly three-in-ten Slovaks, Greeks and Ukrainians say they pray daily, compared with 8% in Austria and Switzerland. The EU and NATO seek to further expand into Eastern Europe, while Russia hopes to halt any further NATO or EU expansion, and regain the influence that it had over the countries of the subregion during the Cold War. Some of the countries that belong to Eastern Europe are Albania, Bosnia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Georgia, Hungary, Latvia, Poland, Russia, Romania, Turkey, Ukraine, Serbia, Slovakia, Moldova, Lithuania, etc. Indeed, Eastern Europeans routinely speak about the West (clumping the US and Western Europe) as if were all the same. In America, the only pedestrian zones are in our spiritless shopping malls. By contrast, fewer than two-thirds of adults in most Western European countries surveyed say they believe in God, and in some countries with large populations of nones, such as the Netherlands, Belgium and Sweden, fewer than half of adults believe in God. They also have a small smile that tends to be even more angled than Asians. No matter where the lines are drawn, however, there are strong geographic patterns in how people view religion, national identity, minorities and key social issues. Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orbn has articulated one strain of opposition to the EUs conception of European values, declaring in July 2018 that Central Europe has a special culture. East Europeans in addition have thick lip area and a round or perhaps almond-shaped deal with. Indeed, in a part of the region where communist regimes once repressed religious worship, Christian affiliation has shown a resurgence in some countries since the fall of the USSR in 1991. Once there, you'll discover friendly and welcoming cultures, with a heavy Russian influence. Compared to North American whites, the nose was much broader in East Asians and sub-Saharan Africans, the nose was longer and more prominent in Middle Eastern and Southern European populations (Greeks), the eyes were spaced farther apart in East Asians and some Middle Eastern populations, and the face was broader in East Asians. succeed. Thats natural because there are common bonds, despite the diversitythe same goes for Eastern Europe. Thats why they want to take away from us the right to decide with whom we want to live.. FutureLearn: Online Courses and Degrees from Top Universities 5. Most of Europe's countries are now part of the European Union (EU) and/or NATO. But you don't have to go far from a major city, even in Western Europe, to find this attitude change. In most Central and Eastern European countries surveyed, a quarter or more say they believe in reincarnation that is, that people will be reborn in this world again and again. And still others simply lean toward the East on most issues, as Poland does on views of national identity and Muslims, as well as same-sex marriage and abortion. @media (max-width: 1171px) { .sidead300 { margin-left: -20px; } } Move Over BRIC. In addition to belief in God, Central and Eastern Europeans are more likely than Western Europeans to express belief in fate (that the course of life is largely or wholly preordained), as well as in some phenomena not typically linked with Christianity, including the evil eye (that certain people can cast curses or spells that cause bad things to happen to someone). For the sake of argument, it is probably safe to say that there are up to 9 countries that could be considered part of Central Europe. (See Religion in Latin America: Widespread Change in a Historically Catholic Region and Tolerance and Tension: Islam and Christianity in Sub-Saharan Africa.) In Western Europe, on the other hand, in no country does a majority express belief in the evil eye. I feel like its a lifeline. Just over half in the U.S. (53%) say religion is very important in their life,nearly double the share who hold this view in Poland, which registered the highest percentage among EU nations polled in 2015. (At the same time, its worth noting that on this and other questions there are differences within Europe too. In Portugal, for example, the vast majority of adults say that being born in Portugal (81%) and having a Portuguese family background (80%) are very or somewhat important to being truly Portuguese. These sentiments also are widespread among adults in Italy and Spain. The continental divide in attitudes and values can be extreme in some cases. The Iron Curtain that once divided Europe may be long gone, but the continent today is split by stark differences in public attitudes toward religion, minorities and social issues such as gay marriage and legal abortion. The question is exceedingly complex. It is difficult to point out the geographical division between the western and eastern regions of Europe although it is believed that the Caucasus Mountains, Ural River and mountain lay the boundary for Eastern Europe. Western Europe: Western Europe refers to the western part of Europe. copyright 2003-2023 Study.com. Eastern Europe is depopulating faster than any other region. The Baltic States, Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia, are Northern Europes newest countries, having regained their independence upon the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991. Western Europe (Robinson Project)By Serg!o [GFDL or CC-BY-SA-3.0], via Wikimedia Commons, 2. Get counterintuitive, surprising, and impactful stories delivered to your inbox every Thursday. Researchers included Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, the Baltics and the Balkans as part of Central and Eastern Europe because all these countries were part of the Soviet sphere of influence in the 20th century. It is a subsidiary of The Pew Charitable Trusts. The United Nations Geoscheme divides Europe into 4 subregions: Eastern Europe, Western Europe, Northern Europe, and Southern Europe. Create your account, 55 chapters | They also tend to look substantially more symmetrical than Western Europeans, especially the Nordics, wh Continue Reading 23 3 Jan Pierzchala Economist Author has 206 answers and 175.6K answer views 1 y Related Definitions of Western and Eastern Europe: Characteristics of Western and Eastern Europe: Difference Between Afghanistan and Pakistan, Difference Between Commonwealth and Protectorate. Their back head is much flatter whereas the Western skulls (including North, Central and Southern European) are more rounded. Central Europe also contains countries that were on different sides of the east-west divide during the Cold War. Between these two regions, a myriad of differences can be viewed regarding the geographical location, culture, economy, etc. Since 2015, the have grown by 300 percent in the US. Some of Europes most recent armed conflicts have taken place in Southern Europe, most notably in the Balkans. Western Europeans also express belief in God at lower levels than people in Central and Eastern Europe, where large majorities say they believe in God including overwhelming shares in several countries, such as Georgia, Armenia, Moldova and Romania. Majorities in most Central and Eastern European countries surveyed say they believe in fate, including about eight-in-ten in Armenia (83%) and Bosnia (80%). The U.N. Geoscheme does not necessarily reflect the former or current geopolitical divisions of Europe. And in Ukraine, politicians have expressed plans to apply for membership in the future. While large majorities across the continent say they were baptized Christian, and most European countries still have solid Christian majorities, the survey responses indicate a significant decline in Christian affiliation throughout Western Europe. (+1) 202-419-4372 | Media Inquiries. This is especially true in Western Europe, which is more secular than other parts of Europe. 525 lessons. During the twentieth century, few regions on the planet suffered as much as Eastern Europeans. Transport, accommodation, and food tend to be less expensive than in Western Europe. regarding European colonization of Asia and popular folklores and figures. Religious attendance in Western Europe is poor. Religion is central to life, especially in Italy where the Catholic faith is dominant. Most are also members of NATO. In Western Europe, far fewer people believe their lives are preordained roughly four-in-ten or fewer in most of the countries surveyed. Also economically, the Western European countries are much more advanced than the eastern European countries. For instance, while just 30% in the U.S. think sex between unmarried adults is morally unacceptable, this is nonetheless significantly higher than what our 2013 poll found in Europe. I highly recommend you use this site! Western Europe is the part of Europe that generally includes the United Kingdom, France, Spain, Germany, Belgium, the Netherlands, Switzerland, and Luxembourg. Another common eastern European facial feature is a wide nose. They usually possess brown or dark eye, and they can have coarse . https://www.nielsenreport.org The difference between Western Europe and Eastern Europe (and why it matters) During the last couple of years, it has becom. Compared with Western Europeans, fewer Central and Eastern Europeans would welcome Muslims or Jews into their families or neighborhoods, extend the right of marriage to gay or lesbian couples or broaden the definition of national identity to include people born outside their country. 1. Survey results suggest that Europes regional divide over same-sex marriage could persist into the future: Across most of Central and Eastern Europe, young adults oppose legalizing gay marriage by only somewhat narrower margins than do their elders. In Bosnia, roughly half of the population is Muslim, while Russia and Bulgaria have sizable Muslim minority populations. Not only is religious affiliation on the decline in Western Europe, religious commitment also is generally lower there than in Central and Eastern Europe. These are not the only issues dividing Eastern and Western Europe.5 But they have been in the news since a surge in immigration to Europe brought record levels of refugees from predominantly Muslim countries and sparked fierce debates among European leaders and policymakers about border policies and national values. Among Caucasians, tanning oil with little SPF is a beach essential while Asians commonly bring sunscreen with high SPF. A sampling of other topics that are said to divide Eastern and Western Europe, other than those included in this report, include sentiment regarding democracy; the importance of individualism in society, as opposed to collectivism; and overall economic well-being. The top 25 rapid-growth markets, or RGMs, will continue to contribute nearly half of the worlds growth over the next three years. Meanwhile, Americans and Western Europeans are plagued with a Byzantine tax code. Enrolling in a course lets you earn progress by passing quizzes and exams. It consists of 10 countries. Identification with Christianity has declined over time across Western Europe, but this is not the case in much of Central and Eastern Europe. Latin American Culture & Traditions | What is Latin America? In some cases, these views are almost universally held. Europe has strong social safety nets and this further reduces the level of stress in people's lives. In this way, Eastern Europeans are similar to Western Europeans, although Eastern Europeans are one step more in the relaxed direction. Western Europe: Western Europe is economically more advanced as well as prosperous. While majorities in most Central and Eastern European countries tie being Christian to being truly Serbian, Polish, etc. 2Americans tend to prioritize individual liberty, while Europeans tend to value the role of the state to ensure no one in society is in need. See Methodology for details. Similarly, Americans are more likely to say offensive statements about minority groups should be permitted. Western Europe has long been regarded as the home of world-renowned cultural icons. For example, in the Baltic states of Latvia and Estonia, the vast majority of people say being Christian (specifically Lutheran) is not important to their national identity. During the twentieth century, few regions on the. Here, life is even more laid-back and relaxed than in the West. Europeans throughout the continent generally show far less religious commitment than adults previously surveyed in other regions.8. On balance, adults in Western European countries are less likely to view these nativist elements as important to national identity. 4. Conscious of its spiritual and moral heritage, the Union is founded on the indivisible, universal values of human dignity, freedom, equality and solidarity; it is based on the principles of democracy and the rules of law. Of course, Eastern Europeans are a diverse bunch, as The Hidden Europe certainly proves. All of Europes countries are generally classified as developed countries, though some are more developed than others. What the data says about gun deaths in the U.S. Eastern Europe shares common positive characteristics that not only distinguish it from Western Europe, but also from most of the world. The Western European region is very much advanced in its economy. Observers It is different from Western Europe. Every European country, he said, has the right to defend its Christian culture, and the right to reject the ideology of multiculturalism, as well as the right to reject immigration and to defend the traditional family model. Earlier in the year, in an address to the Hungarian parliament, he criticized the EU stance on migration: In Brussels now, thousands of paid activists, bureaucrats and politicians work in the direction that migration should be considered a human right. Formerly bitter enemies, Germany and France are now the driving force of European integration, especially after the withdrawal of the UK from the EU at the beginning of 2021. Deep underwater, temperatures are close to freezing and the pressure is 1,000 times higher than at sea level. An error occurred trying to load this video. Further south, on the southern coast of France is the tiny principality of Monaco, which is distinguished by, among other things, being the most densely populated nation-state on Earth. In addition, all the Western European countries surveyed have sizable populations of religiously unaffiliated people those who identify as atheist, agnostic or nothing in particular, collectively sometimes called nones. Nones make up at least 15% of the population in every Western European country surveyed, and they are particularly numerous in the Netherlands (48%), Norway (43%) and Sweden (42%). And how about multiculturalism and open borders? All the countries of Northern Europe, except the UK, Iceland, and Norway, are now part of the EU. The key difference between Western and Eastern Europe is that Eastern Europe consists of countries that once belonged to the Soviet block, unlike the Western European countries. But this view is more widespread in Western Europe, while several Central and Eastern European countries are more divided. In France and the United Kingdom, for example, most say it is not important to be Christian to be truly French or truly British. That said, on balance, Central and Eastern Europeans are more likely than Western Europeans to say that religion is very important in their lives, that they attend religious services at least monthly, and that they pray every day. Unexpected transformations in Eastern Europe have been central to the remaking of contemporary Europe. The Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union refers to common values in its preamble, which begins: The peoples of Europe, in creating an ever closer union among them, are resolved to share a peaceful future based on common values. FIG. In this region may Catholics and Protestant Christians can be seen. (+1) 202-419-4300 | Main [CC BY-SA 3.0] via Commons, Filed Under: Countries Tagged With: Eastern bloc, Eastern Europe, Eastern Europe characteristics, Eastern Europe definition, Soviet bloc, Western and Eastern Europe compare, Western Europe, Western Europe characteristics, Western Europe definition, Western vs Eastern Europe. Eastern Europe: Albania, Bosnia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Georgia, Hungary, Latvia, Poland, Russia, Romania, Turkey, Ukraine, Serbia, Slovakia, Moldova, Lithuania are some countries of Eastern Europe. But on the whole, people in Western European countries are much more likely than their neighbors in the East to embrace multiculturalism. 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