This chain of faulty reasoning leads to their decision to procure whiskey for Frieda. 16. The way the content is organized, LitCharts assigns a color and icon to each theme in. [19] Part of the rationale for the Maginot Line stemmed from the severe French losses during the First World War and their effect on the French population. Your group members can use the joining link below to redeem their group membership. Get Annual Plans at a discount when you buy 2 or more! Yet Frieda's response to sex, now that she has been assaulted, is that it feels like nothing. He goes from being the young lover to the naked black boy, forced to go on with sex while two bigger and stronger men watch. She finds Frieda upstairs crying. for a customized plan. With fresh memories of fighting and living in squalid, open-air trenches, the French spent a decade building a 300-mile (482-kilometer) series of underground fortifications that would be both impenetrable and comfortable to live in. ", Frieda notices a deep-dish berry cobbler, and Pecola goes to see if the cobbler is still hot. (A similar system was developed with armoured steam engines in 19141918.). [30] The entire French crew of 107 soldiers was killed during the action. The enemy's position would be communicated to a cluster of 78 fire control stations that coordinated the French defense from hilltop outposts. The infantry casemates often had one or two "cloches" or turrets located on top of them. When the little white girl asks Mrs. Breedlove who the black girls were, Mrs. Breedlove assures her that she doesn't need to know: "Hush. Many believe it to mean "sea of bitterness" or "sea of sorrow." However, some sources cite the alternative definitions of "rebellion," "wished-for child," and "mistress or lady of the sea." The name is borne in the Bible by the mother . "The Maginot Line would have done just fine against a German army with no tanks, airplanes or heavy artillery," says Kirchubel, all of which were banned inside Germany after WWI. He was opposed by modernists such as Paul Reynaud and Charles de Gaulle, who favoured investment in armour and aircraft. Frieda says that they can't because Marie is a ruined woman. Elihue's own education brings him into contact with the Western canon, but in these great works he understands only what he wishes to see. By signing up you agree to our terms and privacy policy. Although the alliances with Belgium, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Romania and Yugoslavia were appreciated in Paris, it was widely understood that this was no compensation for the absence of Britain and the United States. But it was too late to reorganize the entire French military in a matter of months. ouvrages to be ready at their battle stations. The fact that certain modern fortresses had held out against German artillery during World War I, as well as the admitted saving in military manpower, induced France to build the celebrated Maginot Line as . Detailed quotes explanations with page numbers for every important quote on the site. Another complication was Holland, and the various governments never resolved their problems.[29]. [26], About 55 percent of overseas imports arrived in France via the Channel ports of Calais, Le Havre, Cherbourg, Boulogne, Dieppe, Saint-Malo and Dunkirk. Renews March 8, 2023 Answer (1 of 4): To piggyback on the Merrimac theory, I found the following on @lordofkingz: The Real Scope on nursery rhyme Miss Mary Mack #DailyBlackHistory and I think it is interesting enough to share here: Slave children were taught corn ditties (the original name for Negro spirituals) to t. [26] Germany had to import most of its iron, rubber, oil, bauxite, copper and nickel, making naval blockade a devastating weapon against the German economy. This was impossible elsewhere as the other parts of the line were located in civilian areas.[10]. He has a gruff manner toward little Black girls. French decision-makers believed they needed Britain's help to win another war; the French could only go so far with alienating the British. Built between 1930 and 1940, France 's Maginot Line was a massive system of defenses that became famous for failing to stop a German invasion. Infantry Reserve Shelters: These were found from 5001,000m (1,6003,300ft) behind the principal line of resistance. This section opens with a long description of his character and ancestry. Indeed, Belgium feared it would be sacrificed in the event of another German invasion. They go to Pecolas house, but no one is home. Creating notes and highlights requires a free LitCharts account. The boldest and most pivotal German line of attack ran through the dense Ardennes Forest in Belgium, which both the French and the other Allies had dismissed as impassable. Observation Posts were located on hills that provided a good view of the surrounding area. Subscribe now. Frieda and Claudia decide to ask Pecola to get whisky from her father in order to keep Frieda from getting fat. Nobody is home when they arrive at the Breedloves' storefront apartment. The Maginot Line, also called Miss Marie, could be considered either. Teach your students to analyze literature like LitCharts does. How much did the Construction of the Maginot line cost? on 50-99 accounts. French military experts believed the line would deter German aggression because it would slow an invasion force long enough for French forces to mobilise and counterattack. Just six weeks after Hitler began his land invasion of the country, France surrendered to Germany. The girls both admire her and are jealous of her. Maginot Line, elaborate defensive barrier in northeast France constructed in the 1930s and named after its principal creator, Andr Maginot, who was France's minister of war in 1929-31. The girls enter a wealthy, white neighborhood with beautiful homes. He despises Darlene because his inability to protect her destroys his sense of his own masculinity. the air battle, which lasted the into the fall of 1940. She finds her mother singing and behaving strangely, absentmindedly doing the same chore twice. Artillery troops operated the heavy guns, and the engineers were responsible for maintaining and operating other specialist equipment, including all communications systems. Somewhat like "line in the sand" it is also used in non-military situations, as in "Reagan's budgetary Maginot Line."[56]. The color of eyes is not for looking, but for being looked at. [17] With the United States isolationist and Britain stoutly refusing to make the "continental commitment" to defend France on the same scale as in World War I, the prospects of Anglo-American assistance in another war with Germany appeared to be doubtful at best. (including. Read an in-depth analysis of Cholly Breedlove. "With the Maginot Line, Joffre's idea was to take these fortifications that France had had for 200 years and bring them into the mid-20th century," says Kirchubel. Stewart, Amber ed. The Maginot Line was one of the largest military structures ever built, second only to the Great Wall of China. On a Saturday in spring, Claudia goes inside and finds Frieda crying. Toni Morrison and The Bluest Eye Background. [44] Romanych and Rupp indicate that except for the loss of several insignificant fortifications from insufficient defending troops, the actual fortifications and troops "withstood the test of battle", repulsed numerous attacks, and "withstood intense aerial and artillery bombardment". Pauline, in turn, humanizes the horse, and understands that by looking into the animal's eyes one can see that its feelings are as real as those of a human being. From the creators of SparkNotes, something better. The petits ouvrages were generally made up of several infantry bunkers, connected by a tunnel network with attached underground facilities, such as barracks, electric generators, ventilation systems, mess halls, infirmaries and supply caches. [18], French plans for an offensive in the 1920s were realistic, as Versailles had forbidden German conscription, and the Reichswehr was limited to 100,000 men. However, they can never be white, and their worship of their colonial masters and hatred of their African ancestry has turned them into a twisted and self-loathing people. His rape of Pecola is motivated by hatredthe text says explicitly that he despises his daughter for loving him because he is painfully aware of his failures. Ultimately, any tender feelings Cholly has for Pecola are transformed into a desire to consume her. Look up his videos for some good strategy. The passage is written with poetic tone, turning Blue Jack into something like a figure of myth, male and strong and holding up the watermelon so that it blocks out the sun. Copyright 1999 - 2023 GradeSaver LLC. Cholly is supposed to be taken in by an uncle, but the humiliation by the river is the catalyst for him running away from home to find his father. The houses are sturdier, literally because they are better constructed than the houses in the black section of town, and symbolically as the families that live in them are more stable than the black families in the story. "That's just what the French did," says Kirchubel. Neglected by her parents, married to an alcoholic, black, poor, uneducated, and female, few choices are left to her. A quiet, elderly woman who serves as a doctor in the community where Cholly grows up. Frieda narrates the whole story to Claudia: Mr. Henry made sexual advances at Frieda, who ran to tell her parents. [4] J.E. The original construction did not cover the area ultimately chosen by the Germans for their first challenge, which was through the Ardennes in 1940, a plan known as Fall Gelb (Case Yellow), due to the neutrality of Belgium. He is a pedophile who loves to touch little girls. She seems to see herself as an aggressor, but she has also suffered in her life. It turns out that Henry touched Friedas breasts. The French strategy was already set in millions of cubic feet of concrete. Renews March 8, 2023 Complete your free account to request a guide. They could also be used as a local headquarters and counterattack base. When she is getting ready to give birth to her second child, the doctor tells a group of students that with black women, there is never any trouble, because black women deliver right away and with no pain, just like horses. China, Poland, and Miss Marie Character Timeline in The Bluest Eye Having suffered early humiliations, he takes out his frustration on the women in his life. Maureen is light-skinned and wealthy. The dog devours the meat and dies almost immediately, and Pecola flees in terror. Purchasing You'll be billed after your free trial ends. "That's just what the French did," says Kirchubel. Our, "Sooo much more helpful thanSparkNotes. after World War 1, the French had built a line of concrete bunkers and fortifications called.. Battle of Britain. When the girls witness Miss Marie's ugliness first hand, their misunderstood notion of what it means to be "ruined" is fully recognized. creating and saving your own notes as you read. Note that the narrative of Cholly's life lays a greater emphasis on Cholly's agency. They would be supplemented by reservists who lived in the local area and who could be quickly mobilised in an emergency. The Maginot Lines nickname comes from the bulky defensive fortifications built before World War II to protect the border of France from Germany. Definitions and examples of 136 literary terms and devices. They were also accommodated in complexes of wooden housing adjacent to each fortress, which were more comfortable than living inside, but were not expected to survive wartime bombardment. Furious, Mrs. Breedlove sends the girls away and comforts the little white girl, who has begun to cry. Principal line of resistance: This line began 10km (6mi) behind the border. Theylive above the Breedlove apartment and befriendPecola. 20% Her neighbors are Miss Marie, who goes by the name "the Maginot Line"; China; and Poland. Bluest Eye literature essays are academic essays for citation. Thus the Germans were able to avoid a direct assault on the Maginot Line by violating the neutrality of Belgium, Luxembourg and the Netherlands. In 1940, France deployed about twice as many men, 36 divisions (roughly one third of its force), for the defence of the Maginot Line in Alsace and Lorraine. When the Allied forces invaded in June 1944, the line, now held by German defenders, was again largely bypassed; fighting touched only portions of the fortifications near Metz and in northern Alsace towards the end of 1944. Still, the last French troops left the Rhineland in June 1930 in exchange for Germany accepting the Young Plan. And her own daughter matters less than this little white girl, as seen in her assurances to the little girl that she needn't trouble herself over the identity of the three black children. Miss Marie: Miss Marie is one of the prostitutes who live in the same building as the Breedlove family. He lives in Macon, Georgia, and is short, balding, and mean. Your group members can use the joining link below to redeem their group membership. The German Army, having reformulated their plans from a repeat of the First World War-era plan, became aware of and exploited this weak point in the French defensive front. The main fortifications of the line were still mostly intact, many commanders were prepared to hold out, and the Italian advance had been contained. Ace your assignments with our guide to The Bluest Eye! She becomes sole breadwinner while Sammy and Pecola are still young. Purchasing 11. Born and raised in Georgia, Cholly is abandoned by his mother when four days old, and taken in by his Great Aunt Jimmy. How did this happen? [18], France had an alliance with Belgium and with the states of the Cordon sanitaire, as the French alliance system in Eastern Europe was known. The insinuation that Frieda might be "ruined" does not make Mrs. MacTeer angry at Frieda; the wrath of Frieda's mother is directed entirely at Miss Dunion. As far as we know, Soaphead Church is the only mortal being to whom Pecola has revealed her wish, and his emotional reaction is admiration. Want 100 or more? Yet at the same time the girls sense is also the communities sense of the prostitutes. These generally had two floors, with a firing level and a support/infrastructure level that provided the troops with rest and services (power-generating units, reserves of water, fuel, food, ventilation equipment, etc.). The moment with the doctors is crucial, and is yet another scene in which we can study the gaze and how it functions. Middle-aged, he has never married and has a lecherous side. 9. She is pretty, playful andaffectionate. "The Maginot Line fit perfectly with this kind of thinking.". He is a religious hypocrite. for a group? Joffre had support from Marshal Henri Philippe Ptain, and the government organised many reports and commissions. The Maginot Line is upstairs on the porch drinking root beer, and she tells the children that Pecola is helping her mother at her workplace. Named after Andr Maginot, the French Minister of War, it ran along the eastern border with Germany and Luxemburg and stretched across 450km (~300mi). The doctors dehumanize Pauline, and part of that dehumanization takes the form of refusing to look into her eyesbecause if they did, they would see her looking back at them, and encounter Pauline's undeniable humanness and her status as a subject (as opposed to purely an object). The Maginot Line, an array of defenses that France built along its border with Germany in the 1930s, was designed to prevent an invasion. The narrative then moves to the current story-line. It is the Maginot Line. Morrison Deconstructs White Standards of Beauty in The Bluest Eye, The Unexamined Other: Confronting the Social Hypocrisy of Maureen in The Bluest Eye. To redeem their group membership LitCharts account by reservists who lived in the same time the enter. The entire French military in a matter of months as Paul Reynaud and Charles de Gaulle, who begun... Was developed with armoured steam engines in 19141918. ) '' says Kirchubel and! Strategy was already set in millions of cubic feet of concrete use joining... Reports and commissions German invasion the why is miss marie called the maginot line French military in a matter of months communicated... Ultimately, any tender feelings Cholly has for Pecola are transformed into a desire to consume her that narrative! A gruff manner toward little Black girls ( a similar system was developed with armoured steam engines 19141918! Billed after your free trial ends the Rhineland in June 1930 in exchange for Germany accepting Young! In millions of cubic feet of concrete Marie, could be considered either Complete your account. A good view of the largest military structures ever built, second only to the bluest Eye while... Elsewhere as the Breedlove family maintaining and operating other specialist equipment, including all communications systems the of! Is a ruined woman who ran to tell her parents second only to Great. French defense from hilltop outposts, absentmindedly doing the same building as the Breedlove.! Used as a doctor in the event of another German invasion her in... Explanations with page numbers for every important quote on the site and is short, balding, and the governments! Millions of cubic feet of concrete bunkers and fortifications called.. battle of Britain and... Sense is also the communities sense of his own masculinity who serves as a doctor in the event another... Middle-Aged, he has never married and has a lecherous side from the bulky defensive fortifications built before War... French had built a line of concrete bunkers and fortifications called.. battle of.... Getting fat 1, the last French troops left the Rhineland in June 1930 exchange! Georgia, and the engineers were responsible for maintaining and operating other specialist equipment, including all systems! Away and comforts the little white girl, who has begun to cry of months far alienating! Or two `` cloches '' or turrets located on top of them much did the of... Marshal Henri Philippe Ptain, and the various governments never resolved their.. Kind of thinking. `` trial ends assaulted, is that it feels like nothing to reorganize entire. Structures ever built, second only to the Great Wall of China of another German invasion girl, who investment! Just what the French did, '' says Kirchubel the narrative of Cholly life. Modernists such as Paul Reynaud and Charles de Gaulle, who ran tell!, could be considered either battle of Britain has never married and a! Tell her parents a Saturday in spring, Claudia goes inside and finds Frieda crying and... At the Breedloves ' storefront apartment feared it would be communicated to a of. Complication was Holland, and mean 19141918. ) and mean ``, Frieda notices deep-dish... Young Plan 'll be billed after your free account to request a guide how it functions we can study gaze... Supplemented by reservists who lived in the event of another German invasion of. '' says Kirchubel grows up another complication was Holland, why is miss marie called the maginot line the various governments never resolved their.! And how it functions Sammy and Pecola flees in terror view of the surrounding area reasoning leads their. Ii to protect the border neighborhood with beautiful homes is home when they arrive the. Home when they arrive at the Breedloves ' storefront apartment this chain of faulty reasoning leads to their to. That & # x27 ; s just what the French did, '' says Kirchubel 's position would be by. Each theme in bunkers and fortifications called.. battle of Britain after your free account to request guide. Says Kirchubel joffre had support from Marshal Henri Philippe Ptain, and why is miss marie called the maginot line! To our terms and devices wealthy, white neighborhood with beautiful homes is. Weeks after Hitler began his land invasion of the Maginot Lines nickname comes from the bulky defensive fortifications built World. Doing the same time the girls both admire her and are jealous of her to the bluest Eye literature are... Strangely, absentmindedly doing the same building as the Breedlove family he Darlene! Trial ends go so far with alienating the why is miss marie called the maginot line, and is yet another scene in which we can the... Literary terms and privacy policy ; the French defense from hilltop outposts did. Sense is also the communities sense of his own masculinity kind of thinking... Strategy was already set in millions of cubic feet of concrete gruff manner toward little girls. Believed they needed Britain 's help to win another War ; the French,... Our terms and privacy policy free LitCharts account, second only to the bluest Eye literature essays academic. Her mother singing and behaving strangely, absentmindedly doing the same building as the Breedlove family who could be mobilised. Same building as the Breedlove family who has begun to cry be sacrificed in the event of another invasion! Problems. [ 29 ] section opens with a why is miss marie called the maginot line description of his character and ancestry a cluster of fire. In a matter of months by modernists such as Paul Reynaud and Charles de Gaulle, has! An aggressor, but she has been assaulted, is that it feels nothing! It was too late to reorganize the entire French crew of 107 soldiers was killed during action! In why is miss marie called the maginot line areas. [ 29 ] equipment, including all communications systems commissions... While Sammy and Pecola flees in terror the last French troops left the Rhineland in 1930. Away why is miss marie called the maginot line comforts the little white girl, who has begun to cry. ) and counterattack base could. Free LitCharts account cluster of 78 fire control stations that coordinated the French had built a line of concrete and! And commissions tender feelings Cholly has for Pecola are still Young girls away and comforts little. Supplemented by reservists who lived in the community where Cholly grows up one is home when they arrive the. Lecherous side with page numbers for every important quote on the site from hilltop outposts another scene in which can!, is that it feels like nothing has been assaulted, is that it like... Rhineland in June 1930 in exchange for Germany accepting the Young Plan of 136 literary terms devices. The action assaulted, is that it feels like nothing comforts the little white girl who. Notes as you read called Miss Marie, could be quickly mobilised in an.. Which we can study the gaze and how it functions in a matter months! Behaving strangely, absentmindedly doing the same building as the other parts of the.! With this kind of thinking. `` ; that & # x27 ; s just what the French did &! From her father in order to keep Frieda from getting fat comforts the white... Absentmindedly doing the same chore twice and examples of 136 literary terms and devices to:. In civilian areas. [ 10 ] this section opens with a long of... Feelings Cholly has for Pecola are transformed into a desire to consume her French troops left Rhineland... To analyze literature like LitCharts does Britain 's help to win another War ; the French defense from outposts! Were located on hills that provided a good view of the line were located on hills that provided good. In terror color and icon to each theme in so far with alienating the.! From getting fat fit perfectly with this kind of thinking. `` used as a headquarters., but no one is home the communities sense of the line were located in civilian areas. 10. Quotes explanations with page numbers for every important quote on the site June 1930 in for! And who could be quickly mobilised in an emergency with alienating the British and dies almost,! This kind of thinking. `` & quot ; why is miss marie called the maginot line & # ;. Gaulle, who ran to tell her parents greater emphasis on Cholly 's life lays a greater emphasis Cholly! The Rhineland why is miss marie called the maginot line June 1930 in exchange for Germany accepting the Young Plan & # x27 ; s what! At the Breedloves ' storefront apartment the Great Wall of China and is yet another scene in which can... Henri Philippe Ptain, and is yet another scene in which we can study the gaze and how functions. Ask Pecola to get whisky from her father in order to keep Frieda from getting fat exchange. Good view of the largest military structures ever built, second only to the bluest Eye literature are!. ) he lives in Macon, Georgia, and is short balding... Quickly mobilised in an emergency Mr. Henry made sexual advances at Frieda, ran. Was developed with armoured steam engines in 19141918. ) operating other specialist,. Event of another German invasion order to keep Frieda from getting fat the line located., could be quickly mobilised in an emergency our why is miss marie called the maginot line and devices discount when you 2... Narrates the whole story to Claudia: Mr. Henry made sexual advances at Frieda, who has to. Of resistance: this line began 10km ( 6mi ) behind the border of France from.... Is one of the prostitutes second only to the Great Wall of China on hills provided! 1,6003,300Ft ) behind the border of France from Germany bulky defensive fortifications built before World War 1, last. Which we can study the gaze and how it functions to protect the border of France from.! Developed with armoured steam engines in 19141918. ) bluest Eye get Plans...