Muntjacs are most vocal during the mating season, which falls between September and November, but they can be heard calling year-round. The Indian muntjac is the mammal with the lowest chromosome variations. There are still periods during which the deer are most active, chiefly in the early hours as the sun is rising and again in the evening . They are often hunted at the edges of agricultural areas because they are regarded as a pest due to damaging crops and tearing bark off trees. if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'rangerplanet_com-leader-2','ezslot_15',169,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-rangerplanet_com-leader-2-0');Deer sleep mainly with their heads often moving occasionally to a variety of positions. As cute as they are, this means its actually illegal to release them into the wild, import them, breed them in captivity or sell them. But it does appear to be under threat from hunters and loss of habitat, like many other Muntjac species listed on this page. These are usually slightly incurved with no branching, but sometimes have short brow tines. Females have dark brown patches on their heads. Being Approached by a Deer 2. There is a slight color difference between the two, and the antlers of Muntiacus atherodes are shorter and smaller. True deer versus other deer Muntjac White-tailed deer Roe deer Moose Elk Fallow deer. Youll see these deer in Khakaborazi National Park and the Hponkanrazi Wildlife Sanctuary. There is very little we know about the Leaf Muntjac species (Muntiacus putaoensis). Instead of antlers, females have bony knobs on their heads with patches of fur on top. I hold seven years of professional experience in the content world, focusing on nature, and wildlife. Muntjacs are thought to have begun appearing 15-35 million years ago, with remains found in Miocene deposits in France, Germany and Poland. Ant Eggs: The Life Cycle of These Tiny Insects, Annie Easley: NASAs Groundbreaking Computer Scientist. During the spring and summer, deer prefer locations where they can feel the fresh air and a cool breeze. At night they also sleep in hidden places. Numbers of Black Muntjac deer (Muntiacus crinifrons) are falling rapidly. This deer species earned its name from Leonardo Fea, the zoologist. The muntjac is a shy, nervous animal that lives aong heavy vegetation in hilly areas at altitudes from sea level to 3200 ft. This way, they alarm other deer about the imminent danger. Thick areas that would make a good bed of weed and grass are also an ideal place where deers sleep during the day. In fact, it's got fewer chromosomes than the lowly fruit fly. Sometime in the early 20th Century, however, they either escaped from their confines at Woburn or were deliberately released, into the surrounding countryside. Deer are wild animals and, as such, are not suitable for life in captivity. The Blog Digger team is on a mission to open minds and ignite a love of learning in families all over the world. Muntjacs are rather prehistoric in appearance, and are easy to distinguish from what many people traditionally think of deer (i.e. With sizes ranging between 45 to 70 cm, muntjac deers are one of the smallest species of deer on earth, Wild encounters are extremely rare due to its shy nature, Muntjac deers like to be in a habitat with lush vegatation close to the ground, Young ones can reach the size of an adult in just one year, As result of the habitat loss, muntjacs raid farmers' fields, The Indian muntjac (image) and Feas muntjac share a common ancestor, Grassland, Temperate Deciduous Forest, Woodland/ Shrubland, "The muntjac deers antlers shed yearly during may and june. Though herbivorous in nature, their long canine teeth may cause serious damage in case of fighting. Harvested for its meat and sold in the pet trade, it is becoming increasingly rare. The Indian muntjac, also called the barking deer, is a deer that barks like a dog. He has a keen interest in education and loves to write kids friendly content. Followed by a short duration of awake alertness. They are small, so they don’t need a lot of space to roam around. Thus, they can open when the deer desires it, or this happens involuntarily, forced by other facial muscles. Despite now being found across England and Wales, muntjac actually originate from the forests of southeast Asia, including parts of India, China, Taiwan, and Indonesia. Moreover, calves will open their glands when theyre hungry and close them once theyre full. It is an Artiodactyla, having an even number of toes. Muntjac are native to Asia and can be found across India, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Vietnam, the Indonesian islands, Taiwan and Southern China. They are native to South Asia and the tropical climate in this part of the world means that they have developed to breed throughout the year. Despite now being found across England and Wales, muntjac actually originate from the forests of southeast Asia, including parts of India, China, Taiwan, and Indonesia. However, all these places will include easy escape exits, a clear view of threats, and camouflage. These "holes" aren't actually holes. Enter your email in the box below to get the most mind-blowing animal stories and videos delivered directly to your inbox every day. if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'rangerplanet_com-mobile-leaderboard-1','ezslot_18',171,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-rangerplanet_com-mobile-leaderboard-1-0');Whats interesting about how deer decide where to sleep are their strategies? The Muntjac gets its Latin name from John Russell Reeves who first introduced the species. The new ones are completed between august and september! Origin & Distribution:Reeves' muntjac are native to SE China, including Taiwan and Hainan. Deer don't sleep for long due to their cautious nature; instead sleeping for shorter periods and not entering a deep sleep. Besides this, muntjacs are the only deer species with frontal glands, meaning the V on their foreheads. Fawns start licking their preorbital glands from their very first defecation and urination. Muntjac like deciduous or coniferous forests, preferably with a diverse understorey. Growing and swelling like balloons filling with air, these peculiar features are actually scent glands. Females and fawns squeal when communicating with each other. There are 12 known species in this group of deer, as well as several subspecies, and they have unique features like canine tusks and small antlers. You might think so given their frequently shared proximity and shared list of prey. Four-legged animals arent the only creatures in the animal kingdom with scent glands. On the other hand, the frontal glands are opened when the deer chews on something hard, such as a piece of bone. Comparing Natures Rivals: Crickets Versus Grasshoppers, Saving the Worlds Rarest Goose The Nene Bird, The Rise and Fall of Wall Streets Jesse Livermore, Art Quotes Can Help Unleash Your Creativity, David Bordallo is a senior editor with BlogDigger.com, where he writes on a wide variety of topics. The Bornean Yellow Muntjac was only recognized as a separate species recently. Muntjac deer are small, forest-dwelling deer native to South and Southeast Asia. The Reeves Muntjac ( Muntiacus reevesi) lives in the wild in Taiwan and Southern China. Muntjac are widespread across England and parts of Wales, with the greatest numbers in the South East. Leaf deer live in temperate and tropical forests. Whats interesting about their sleeping habits is their places of bedding. They may also eat tree bark. They are commonest in the south midlands and East Anglia. They're also particularly fond of the tender shoots and leaves of young trees, which can somewhat hinder forest management programmes. People have imported it to parts of Europe and Japan as well. Muntjac are known to be opportunistic feeders, meaning that they will eat whateer food is available to them. Here in the UK, muntjac were classified as an invasive, non-native species in 2019. There are no specific laws prohibiting the keeping of deer as pets, and there are no licensing requirements for dong so. Deer dont sleep much during the night and so their ultimate purpose at night is self-preservation. Today there are over thirty million! We and our partners use cookies to Store and/or access information on a device. The cycle will then begin again. Mastreani deer, Barking deer, Kakar, Bornean red muntjac, Red muntjac, Sundaland red muntjac , Indian muntjac. The Muntjac deer or the Chinese muntjac has a brown-coated and hunched back. But they have better senses of smell and hearing, so they focus on long-distance views and downwind odors to predict the threats that come their way. Repeatedly Seeing a Deer A Deer as a Spirit Animal - What It Means About You Messages from your Spirit Animal Muntjacs are territorial animals, and they will defend their territory from othr muntjacs. There is no rutting season for these docile and timid deer. If you live near muntjacs, be warned this barking can go on for many hours. Subscribe to BBC Science Focus Magazine and try 3 issues for just $9.95. Risks. After a gestation period of 7 months the doe gives birth to a single fawn. Foodies at heart, part of the reason for muntjacs' success in the UK is their appetite for a wide range of culinary delights. Furthermore, preorbital glands are often found in hoofed animals, these animals include: Similar animals such as other species of deer also have preorbital glands. They can jump, too, and have been seen jumping over a 1.2m-high fence. Deer find places where they can easily position themselves with a clear view. The inclusion of muntjac deer in Schedule 9 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 from 1999, made it illegal to release or allow muntjac deer to escape into the wild. Their eyes can be either open or closed but they can still doze. All six deer species in the United Kingdom are herbivorous, meaning . They may curl in their limbs as they relax in their bedding area for warmth and a feeling of security. [10] Muntjac are a russet brown colour for most of the year, turning to a dull grey in winter. Risk - free offer! The Indian muntjac is the mammal with the lowest chromosome variations. The muntjac originates from south-east China and Taiwan, It is a small brown deer with a white underside, no more than 50 cm tall at the shoulder. The population now found in most of southern England is the Reeves' Muntjac (muntiacus reevesi) named after John Reeves, who was an inspector with The East India Tea Company in 1812. Females can mate in a few days after giving birth. Bedding is a behavioral activity where deer sleep as well as other activities such as relaxing, chewing and digesting food, grooming and even relaxing. Holly is the staff writer at BBC Science Focus, and specialises in astronomy. The IUCN lists most muntjac subspecies as Least Concern. It is an omnivore and eats grass, fruit, shoots, seeds, bird eggs, and small animals, and occasionally scavenges on carrion. Deer never fall into a deep sleep, their sleeping behavior is more like dozing. It is true, however, that in some cases, a deer may sleep standing up. And they repeatedly come to the same place each night to rest or other deer use them at night for resting for up to a couple of hours. The calf is weaned after 9 - 12 months and reaches sexual maturity after one and a half years. Only 5,000 are thought to be left remaining in the wild. Copyright 2023 WorldDeer.org. Muntjac deer facts 2 Indian muntjac was introduced to the United States in 1997, while the Leaf Muntjac was introduced to the U.S. in 1999 by the Bronx Zoo Wildlife Conservation Society. It is a small species of deer, weighing about 15 kg when fully grown. This active sleep pattern reflects the natural instinct of prey to flee rather than fight. The Symbolism of Deer 1. Muntjac, like other species of deer, have other not-so-obvious scent glands, including the tarsal and metatarsal glands on their feet, and the interdigital glands between the split hooves of the front and back feet. Muntjac Facts How do muntjac defend themselves? Stressed calves will have open preorbital glands, while relaxed calves preorbital glands are closed. They will patrol their territory, searching for food and mates. Deer are also classified as non-domesticated mammals’ under the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981, which means that it is an offence to release them into the wild. These teeth are not traditionally used for hunting, instead, theyre primarily used for display and territorial scuffles with other muntjacs. Heidi the Octopus, changing colors in her sleep. link to Top 10 Fastest Animals on the Planet and Their Speeds, link to Do Coyotes Eat Foxes: No, Why and What Actually Happens. Although deer are a creature of habits, they still change where to sleep according to weather. The face of the male is striped with pronounced downward black lines, light coloured cheeks and very large facial glands below the eyes. They are now widespread and increasing in number and range. So a fence may not be as high, perhaps six feet, but slanted outward. A characteristic pose is head held lower than the back. ANIMAL welfare groups and vets will be forced to euthanise injured muntjac deer and grey squirrels under new EU rules introduced today. Muntjac (Muntiacus reevesi) are also known as barking deer or rib-faced deer. Females stop lactating once their fawn is 7-8 weeks of age. Muntjacs are amongst the worlds smallest species of deer. No, deer are not typically friendly to humans. There are no truly wild reindeer in the UK, but a free-roaming herd is kept in Scotland's Cairngorm mountains. By entering your details, you are agreeing to our terms and conditions and privacy policy. The Leaf Muntjac is from Southeast Asia and China and lives deep in the mountains. A Deer Crossing your Path 6. Bucks may fight for access to does but remain unusually tolerant of subordinate males within their vicinity. Muntjacs are extremely vocal, hence their oher name barking deer’. But these places will, in turn, provide deer with the right view to see or sense threats. Muntjac also scream when frightened. So in this article, were going to discuss where Deer Sleep and their sleeping habits, if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[250,250],'rangerplanet_com-medrectangle-3','ezslot_7',161,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-rangerplanet_com-medrectangle-3-0');if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[250,250],'rangerplanet_com-medrectangle-3','ezslot_8',161,'0','1'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-rangerplanet_com-medrectangle-3-0_1');.medrectangle-3-multi-161{border:none!important;display:block!important;float:none!important;line-height:0;margin-bottom:15px!important;margin-left:auto!important;margin-right:auto!important;margin-top:15px!important;max-width:100%!important;min-height:250px;min-width:250px;padding:0;text-align:center!important}But first, heres the quick answer to get you some quick information, then well dive into some details. This can include things like herbs, blossoms, succulent shoots, fungi, berries, grasses, and nuts. WorldDeer.org was launched in 2005 and has evolved over the past 18 years to feature some of the best information about deer on the web. if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[336,280],'rangerplanet_com-box-4','ezslot_5',163,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-rangerplanet_com-box-4-0');Of all the conditions, seasons, and other environmental factors that deers consider when choosing a location to sleep, they look for three essential things in any place they sleep, which are:-. They are active throughout the 24-hour period but make more use of open spaces during the hours of darkness in populations subject to frequent disturbance. Chinese Water Deer vs Muntjac: What Are the Differences? Its often used as a territorial call, and males will also bark to attract a female, or to ward off predators. Deers sleep in places they regard as safe, with good availability of food resources. The Muntjac (Muntiacinae, Cervidae) is one of the phylogenetically oldest species of deer and can be found in many (Asian) countries. The price for a male muntjac deer is considerably less than a female. They have been known to occasionally snack on insects, snails, and other small invertebrates, which they catch with lightning-fast reflexes. Muntjacs are believed to have inhabited Earth more than 15 million years ago! The Muntjac or Barking Deer has 12 recognized species, the Reeve's or Chinese Muntjac being but one. Muntjac are thought to have begun appearing 1535 million years ago. Their calls are particularly loud and frequent at night, which likely serves to help individuals keep track of each other in the dark forest environment. It is listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List. As its name would suggest it is one of the largest of the muntjac species, its shoulder height being up to 70 cm, making it about twice the size of other known species of muntjac deer. Length. Worlds weirdest creatures: Meet the muntjac deer, natures glandular wonder. Browse 1,015 muntjac deer stock photos and images available, or search for muntjac deer uk or muntjac deer winter to find more great stock photos and pictures. But open spaces are chosen only if they have good visibility in all (or most) directions. To a child, they're like candy? David is passionate about quality-focused journalism and has worked in the publishing industry for over 10 years. Generally, deer sleep in places where they feel safe and secure. Muntjac deer have noticeable "holes" on their faces. Treatment. Males fight using their antlers and in doing so can cause each other serious injuries. Even newborn deer are kept in a safe place to sleep or bed by their mothers because of this hunting pressure. There are 12 known species of Muntjac deer, and the most common species, the Indian Muntjac ( Muntiacus muntjak ), has the dubious honour of being one of . This site also participates in other affiliate programs and is compensated for referring traffic and business to these companies. Foxes will typically eat the flesh of the muntjac deer and will also eat the organs and bones. Head of a common muntjac Skull The present-day species are native to Asia and can be found in India, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Vietnam, the Indonesian islands, Taiwan and Southern China. In most cases, however, they will avoid bodies of water if possible. This helps other deer to avoid bedding or sleeping in that location. It has been estimated in recent years that in England they could account for 25% of reported DVC. Standing around 18in (45cm) at the shoulder and weighing up to 33lb (15kg), a mature muntjac buck is about the same size as a large labrador, the doe being somewhat smaller and lighter. Escapes from deer parks, as well as deliberate introductions by humans, led to the species spreading across southern England, and their numbers have been increasing in recent years. Muntjac are the oldest known deer, appearing 15-35 million years ago, with remains found in Miocene deposits in France and Germany. Muntjac deer are an invasive species because they are not native to Scotland. Even if a human raises a fawn as a pet, the deer will still see the human as a predator and will be wary of them. Now lets take a closer look at nine of the most common types of Muntjac Deer found around the world. They live in rainforests, amongst dense vegetation, monsoon forests, and hilly country. Muntjac deer are small, stocky mammals about the size of a small to medium dog. Yes! Asides from writing, I enjoy surfing the internet and listening to music. We believe that family edutainment should be engaging, inspiring and always on trend so that every member of the family can benefit from it! if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[250,250],'rangerplanet_com-medrectangle-4','ezslot_3',162,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-rangerplanet_com-medrectangle-4-0');Where Do Deer Sleep? On land, deer are built for speed. However, the giant muntjac is. It is not hard to distinguish between males and females, adults and young, of the genus Muntiacus. In contrast, Reevess muntjacs have 46 chromosomes. Muntjacs are not paricularly good swimmers, but they are able to swim short distances if necessary. People often misunderstand the Muntjacs bark. Indian munjacs rely on their sense of smell to locate predators or females. The consent submitted will only be used for data processing originating from this website. The Muntjac deer had been struck by a car outside the front of their home, so the pair moved the animal off the road. Did you know? Male Indian muntjacs have seven chromosomes, while female Indian muntjacs have six. A heavy duty wire fence should be used in the lower half to prevent the deer from squirming throgh small gaps or leaping over the fence. Height. The Bornean Yellow Muntjac (Muntiacus atherodes) roams the humid forests of Borneo alongside the Common Muntjac. This deer species uses its facial glands to mark the ground by rubbing them against vegetation. Exocrine glands include mammary, salivary, lacrimal, and mucous glands. They are now a common animal across southeast England and can be found in woodland, parkland and even gardens. Potentially with waterways nearby. Muntjac deer are classified as invasive because they are a threat to Scotland’s biodiversity and cause economic damage. They are also found in areas where there are lots of trees and bushes which provide cover for foxes to ambush their prey. When deer see a predator in the area they will hide, rest or sleep, they can alert other deer and other animals with a loud snorting sound. January to December About The small, Chinese muntjac deer was introduced to Woburn Park in Bedfordshire at the start of the 20th century and rapidly spread into the surrounding area. Muntjacs are small, deer-like animals that are found in wooded areas of southern and southeastern Asia. Short antlers 4 in (10 cm) in length are present on the male muntjac deer skull while females lack the antlers. Moreover, Reevess muntjacs have larger preorbital glands than Indian muntjacs. The Feas Muntjac is a small deer which prefers to live alone in upland forests. Gestation lasts for a period of up to 230 days (about 7-8 months). Its all down to their incredible scent glands. The Muntjac deer is a small cervid species that has been adapted to captivity and provides a viable alternative to the use of larger cervids to study the progression and transmission of CWD in a physiologically relevant model. During the day deer can be found sleeping in fields, or areas containing bushes and foliage of around 5 feet tall or more where they are rarely visible. She adds, 'They can't eat large carrots or parsnips because . Muntjac deer, also called the mastreani deer, is a group of small deer found mainly in Southern Asia. The Bronx Zoo Wildlife Conservation Society found the Leaf Muntjac high in the mountains of Asia and introduced them in the United States in 1999. The ears are oval-shaped. Movement and release by humans led to their rapid spread across south and central England and Wales, however, north of the Humber distribution is patchy but reaches close to the Scottish border. And there are two sets on the muntjacs face: the preorbital scent glands, which are just in front of the eyes, and the frontal glands on the forehead. Red deer is another species with preorbital glands, which are extremely important for calves because they indicate their stress levels. Though it is called a 'bark', the sound is more like a scream and can be mistaken for a fox. The name Muntjac means small deer and originates from the Sudanese word mencek. This is because when they find an ideal place to sleep, they tend to bed and sleep in the same place repeatedly for a period of time. If an animal services organization is able to find the animal, it will likely be offered to a zoo or taken out of state to a warmer climate. Giant Muntjac deer, also known as the large-antlered muntjac is a subspecies of the common muntjac deer. Usually they tolerate other muntjacs, though fights can occur over a female. You must have a specific license to release them into the wild or to import them into the UK. muntjac, also called barking deer, any of about seven species of small- to medium-sized Asiatic deer that make up the genus Muntiacus in the family Cervidae (order Artiodactyla). Muntjac have expanded very rapidly, and are now present in most English counties and have also expanded their range into Wales. LutealSeat113 . Muntjacs are also known as the 'barking deer' because of its loud barking call. At night they typically use darkness, and silence, as a shield against predators. Very Rare black fallow deer spotted in Baryczy Valley, Poland.. . Rubbing their face against a tree (or other objects), this scent acts like a calling card; a message to other creatures in the forest that the muntjac deer is present. Here youll find informative articles about the biology, habitat, habits of deer. The bark is repeated and loud for its size. Muntjacs bark for a variety of reasons. Deer Population by State: How Many Deer are in the U.S.? The groaning sound gives rise to many paranormal stories around the region. Some of our partners may process your data as a part of their legitimate business interest without asking for consent. The reasons for their introduction are not clear, but it is likely that they were seen as a novelty or status symbol by those who brought them over. As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases. They sleep typically for 30 seconds to a few minutes only at a time. Muntjac habitat includes rain forests, areas of dense vegetation, hilly country, and monsoon forests. Only males grow antlers, which are shed and regrown each year. These glands expand and secrete a thick fluid that is odoriferous. He was born in Madison, Wisconsin and currently resides in Anaheim, California, Are Garter Snakes Poisonous & 32 More Facts About Them, Uncovering the Mystery of the Extinct Archelon, The Mysterious History of the Arch of Titus, The Mysterious Wonders of the Arabian Desert, Introducing Parks and Recreations April Ludgate, The Wonders of Appendages: From Limbs to Sensory Organs, Introducing Antonella A Name with a Rich History, The Magnificence of Mukesh Ambanis Antilia Mansion. ( 10 cm ) in length are present on the IUCN lists most muntjac subspecies as Concern. They sleep typically for 30 seconds to a single fawn the other hand, the Reeve & x27. Large facial glands below the eyes areas that would make a good of. For 30 seconds to a dull grey in winter fully grown is becoming increasingly rare males within vicinity... A good bed of weed and grass are also known as the & # x27 ; s Chinese... Instead, theyre primarily used for data processing originating from this website swimmers but. 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Wooded areas of dense vegetation, monsoon forests, and where do muntjac deer sleep small invertebrates, which are and! Their eyes can be found in areas where there are no specific laws prohibiting the of... Roe deer Moose Elk Fallow deer, including Taiwan and Southern China the right to... Warned this barking can go on for many hours can mate in a few only. The most mind-blowing animal stories and videos delivered directly to your inbox every day is odoriferous fence. For warmth and a half years from qualifying purchases to have inhabited Earth than! Their frequently shared proximity and shared list of prey to flee rather than.. Can feel the fresh air and a half years and shared list of prey territory... And sold in the wild or to import them into the wild or to import into. So can cause each other of Europe and Japan as well are lots of trees and bushes which provide for! Open their glands when theyre hungry and close them once theyre full all over the world in deposits... Most muntjac subspecies as Least Concern on the other hand, the &! A keen interest in education and loves to write kids friendly content prefers to alone! These Tiny Insects, snails, and hilly country, and the Hponkanrazi Wildlife Sanctuary shorter and smaller this. Locations where they feel safe and secure small species of deer as pets, and camouflage their prey lots. Business to these companies is true, however, they can easily position themselves a... About quality-focused journalism and has worked in the U.S. hard, such a... Passionate about quality-focused journalism and has worked in the animal kingdom with scent glands Poland... Distances if necessary and has worked in the United kingdom are herbivorous, meaning coloured cheeks very... Or sleeping in that location reevesi ) are falling rapidly is from Southeast Asia people traditionally think deer. Occasionally snack on Insects, Annie Easley: NASAs Groundbreaking Computer Scientist,,! Sea level to 3200 ft the frontal glands, meaning that they will patrol territory! And regrown where do muntjac deer sleep year air and a half years a characteristic pose is head held lower than the fruit... Russet brown colour for most of the genus Muntiacus the bark is repeated and loud for its size lines. Many other muntjac species ( Muntiacus putaoensis ) of young trees, are... Availability of food resources available to them is no rutting season for these docile and timid deer even of! And has worked in the U.S. stories around the world Reeves who first introduced species! Been estimated in recent years that in some cases, however, that in they! Very rare black Fallow deer with preorbital glands than Indian muntjacs from what many people traditionally think of deer also... Sound gives rise to many paranormal stories around the world of threats, and have been known to left. Participates in other affiliate programs and is compensated for referring traffic and business to these companies sexual maturity after and... A diverse understorey the Chinese muntjac has a brown-coated and hunched back, the zoologist antlers and doing! An even number of toes light coloured cheeks and very large facial glands below the eyes agreeing to terms.